Zvichienderana nekuchinja kwesimba repasi rose uye zvinangwa zve "dual-carbon", tekinoroji yemabhatiri, senzira huru yekuchengetedza simba, yakawana kutariswa kukuru. Mumakore achangopfuura, mabhatiri e-sodium-ion (SIBs) akabuda mumarabhoritari kuenda kumaindasitiri, achiva mhinduro inotarisirwa zvikuru yekuchengetedza simba mushure memabhatiri e-lithium-ion.
Ruzivo Rwekutanga nezveMabhatiri eSodium-ion
Mabhatiri eSodium-ion rudzi rwebhatiri rechipiri (rinogona kushajwazve) rinoshandisa maion eSodium (Na⁺) seanotakura machaji. Simba rawo rekushanda rakafanana neremabhatiri eLithium-ion: panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa machaji, maion eSodium anotenderera pakati pecathode neanode kuburikidza neelectrolyte, zvichiita kuti simba richengetwe uye riburitswe.
·Zvinhu Zvikuru: Cathode inowanzo shandisa ma layered oxides, polyanionic compounds, kana Prussian blue analogs; anode inonyanya kuumbwa ne hard carbon kana soft carbon; electrolyte i sodium salt solution.
·Kukura Kwetekinoroji: Tsvagiridzo yakatanga muma1980, uye kufambira mberi munguva pfupi yapfuura muzvinhu uye maitiro kwakavandudza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwesimba uye hupenyu hwema cycle, zvichiita kuti kutengeserana kuve nyore.
Mabhatiri eSodium-ion vs. Mabhatiri eLithium-ion: Kusiyana Kwakakosha uye Zvakanakira
Kunyangwe mabhatiri e sodium-ion aine chimiro chakafanana nemabhatiri e lithium-ion, akasiyana zvakanyanya muhunhu hwezvinhu uye mamiriro ekushandiswa:
| Kuenzanisa | Mabhatiri eSodium-ion | Mabhatiri eLithium-ion |
| Kuwanda Kwezviwanikwa | Sodium yakawanda (2.75% muganda rePasi) uye yakapararira zvakanyanya | Lithium haiwanikwe zvakanyanya (0.0065%) uye ine nzvimbo dzakanyanya kuwanda |
| Mutengo | Kuderedza mitengo yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, kugadzikana kwecheni yekugovera | Kusagadzikana kwemitengo ye lithium, cobalt, nezvimwe zvinhu, zvichienderana nekutengeswa kwezvinhu kunze kwenyika |
| Kuwanda kweSimba | Yakaderera (120-160 Wh/kg) | Yakakwirira (200-300 Wh/kg) |
| Kushanda Kwekupisa Kushoma | Kuchengetedza kugona >80% pa -20℃ | Kushanda zvisina kunaka kana tembiricha yakaderera, simba rayo rinoderera zviri nyore |
| Kuchengetedzeka | Kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwekupisa, kunodzivirira zvakanyanya kubhadharisa/kuburitsa mvura yakawandisa | Zvinoda kutarisirwa kwakasimba kwenjodzi dzinoitika pakupisa |
Mabhenefiti Akakosha eMabhatiri eSodium-ion:
1.Kuchengetedza Zviwanikwa Nemutengo Wakaderera: Sodium inowanikwa zvakanyanya mumvura yegungwa nezvicherwa, zvichideredza kuvimba nesimbi shoma uye kuderedza mitengo yenguva refu ne30%-40%.
2. Kuchengetedzwa Kwakanyanya uye Hushamwari Kwezvakatipoteredza: Haina kusvibiswa nesimbi ine simba, inoenderana nema electrolyte system akachengeteka, uye yakakodzera kuchengetwa kwesimba guru.
3. Kuchinjika kwePasi Pose paTembiricha: Kushanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera, zvakanaka kunzvimbo dzinotonhora kana masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba ekunze.
Mikana yekushandiswa kwemabhatiri eSodium-ion
Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, mabhatiri e sodium-ion anoratidza kugona kukuru munzvimbo dzinotevera:
1. Masisitimu Ekuchengetera Simba Rakakura (ESS):
Semhinduro inobatsirana yesimba remhepo nezuva, mutengo wakaderera uye hupenyu hurefu hwemabhatiri e sodium-ion anogona kuderedza mutengo wemagetsi wakaenzana (LCOE) uye kutsigira grid peak shaving.
2. Mota dzemagetsi dzinomhanya zvishoma uye dzine mavhiri maviri:
Muzviitiko zvine simba shoma rinodiwa (semuenzaniso, mabhasikoro emagetsi, mota dzekufambisa), mabhatiri e sodium-ion anogona kutsiva mabhatiri ane lead-acid, zvichipa mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza uye ehupfumi.
3. Simba rekuchengetedza uye Nzvimbo Yekuchengetedza Simba reBase Station:
Kushanda kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana kwekupisa kunoita kuti vakwanise kushandisa simba rekuchengetedza muzvishandiso zvinobata tembiricha zvakaita senzvimbo dzekutaurirana nenzvimbo dzedata.
Maitiro Ekuvandudza Remangwana
Mafungiro eindasitiri anofungidzira kuti musika wepasi rose wemabhatiri e sodium-ion uchapfuura mabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora panosvika gore ra2025 uye uchasvika 10%-15% yemusika wemabhatiri e lithium-ion panosvika gore ra2030. Nzira dzekuvandudza mune ramangwana dzinosanganisira:
·Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva: Kugadzira ma cathode ane simba guru (semuenzaniso, ma O3-type layered oxides) uye zvinhu zve anode zvinogara kwenguva refu kuti zviwedzere simba remagetsi rinopfuura 200 Wh/kg.
·Kugadzirisa Maitiro: Kushandisa nzira dzekugadzira mabhatiri e lithium-ion akura kuti kuwedzere kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri e sodium-ion uye kuderedza mitengo.
·Kuwedzera Kwekushandisa: Kuwedzera mabhatiri e lithium-ion kuvaka portfolio yetekinoroji yekuchengetera simba yakasiyana-siyana.
Mhedziso
Kukwira kwemabhatiri e sodium-ion hakusi kutsiva mabhatiri e lithium-ion asi kupa imwe nzira isingadhuri uye yakachengeteka yekuchengetedza simba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekusapindirana kwekabhoni, hunhu hwavo hwekusashandisa zviwanikwa uye hwekushandisa huchachengetedza nzvimbo yavo munzvimbo yekuchengetedza simba. Semunhu anotungamira mukuvandudza tekinoroji yesimba,DALYicharamba ichitarisa kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yebhatiri re sodium-ion, yakazvipira kupa mhinduro dzesimba dzinoshanda uye dzinogara kwenguva refu kuvatengi vedu.
Titeverei kuti muwane mamwe mashoko matsva e tekinoroji!
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-25-2025
